![]() In chess, AlphaZero initially doesn’t know it can take an opponent’s pieces. “But seeing it evolve from a void of nothingness is exciting and almost pure.” “When it starts playing it’s so bad I want to hide under my table,” says Ulrich Paquet, another DeepMind researcher on the project. It starts learning a game equipped with only the rules, a way to keep score, and a preprogrammed urge to experiment and win. “You don't want to invest many months or years of your life trying to play something, only to realize that, ‘Oh, this just isn't a beautiful game,’” says Tomašev.ĪlphaZero is a more flexible and powerful successor to AlphaGo, which laid down a marker in AI history when it defeated a champion at Go in 2016. AdvertisementĭeepMind and Kramnik tapped AlphaZero’s ability to learn a game from scratch to explore new variants more quickly than the decades or centuries of human play that would reveal their beauty and flaws. Fischer Random, also known as Chess960, slowly earned a niche in the chess world and now has its own tournaments. He unveiled Fischer Random Chess, which preserves the usual rules of play but randomizes the starting positions of the powerful pieces on the back rank of the board each game. In 1996, one year before IBM’s Deep Blue defeated Kasparov, chess wunderkind-turned-fugitive Bobby Fischer called a press conference in Buenos Aires and complained that chess needed a redesign to demote computer-enhanced memorization and encourage creativity. New rulesĬhess spread rapidly around 500 years ago after European players promoted a slow-moving piece into the powerful modern-day queen, giving the game more zip. Neither are grumbles that computers have made the game boring. People have played chess for around 1,500 years, and tweaks to the rules aren’t new. “Now we see a system like AlphaZero used for creative exploration in tandem with humans rather than opposed to them.” “Chess engines were initially built to play against humans with the goal of defeating them,” says Nenad Tomašev, a DeepMind researcher who worked on the project. The project also showcased a more collaborative mode for the relationship between chess players and machines. Kramnik says its latest results reveal beguiling new vistas of chess to be explored, if people are willing to adopt some small changes to the established rules. ![]() In 2017, AlphaZero showed it could teach itself to roundly beat the best computer players at either chess, Go, or the Japanese game shogi. UNBEATABLE CHESS AI SOFTWAREHe teamed up with Alphabet artificial intelligence lab DeepMind, whose researchers challenged their superhuman game-playing software AlphaZero to learn nine variants of chess chosen to jolt players into creative new patterns. UNBEATABLE CHESS AI HOW TOWednesday, Kramnik presented some ideas for how to restore some of the human art to chess, with help from a counterintuitive source-the world’s most powerful chess computer. ![]() “You don’t even play your own preparation you play your computer’s preparation.” UNBEATABLE CHESS AI FULL“For quite a number of games on the highest level, half of the game-sometimes a full game-is played out of memory,” Kramnik says. He partly blames computers, whose soulless calculations have produced a vast library of openings and defenses that top-flight players know by rote. Yet Kramnik, who retired from competitive chess last year, also believes his beloved game has grown less creative. His passion for the artistry of minds clashing over the board, trading complex but elegant provocations and counters, helped him dethrone Garry Kasparov in 2000 and spend several years as world champion. ![]() Chess has a reputation for cold logic, but Vladimir Kramnik loves the game for its beauty. ![]()
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